1. Reducing error with good research design. What methods do scientists use to reduce each of the following types of error? In answering this question, wherever possible discuss how particular features of good research design (i.e. explicit protocol, replication, randomization, standards, and blind) will reduce each particular type of error. On occasion, in answering this question, you may find it useful to draw on ideas beyond these five features of good research design. (one paragraph answer for each)

1a. Measurement error.

1b. Sampling error

1c. Human error

1d. Unintentional bias